File:Bin2.jpg

2006-03-03T17:57:20Z

Ilya:

2006-03-03T17:04:08Z

Ilya: /* Autoexposure */

{{Manual Header}}

== Introduction ==

Elphel network cameras — complex devices in whose development advanced technologies and non-standard program decisions are used. We constantly improve our products so that users can use the cameras with the least expense of time and effort. In this section of Elphel Network Cameras Manual you can find detailed information about using Elphel cameras.

== Complete set ==

The complete camera delivery set includes the actual network camera Elphel-313/323/333, and Live-CD or Live-DVD with a special edition of the Debian-based GNU/Linux operating system Knoppix, complete with all the necessary software for the camera.

The complete delivery set can also include lenses, an external power unit and connection cables for an additional payment.

== Appearance ==

[[Image:Cam side.jpg]] The Elphel-313/333 camera case is folding and made of anodized aluminium. Overall dimensions 116х45х45 mm, weight approximately 150 g (without lens).

[[Image:Cam front.jpg]] The carving socket for standard C/CS-mount lenses is located on the front of the camera.

[[Image:Cam back.jpg]] On the back side of the camera case are located a socket for connection of a network cable, a switch-on push button for the software reloading mode, and camera's model number mark. We constantly improve our products, therefore the number and appearance of the elements placed on the back panel can change.

On the bottom of the camera case is the standard carving socket for installation of the camera on a support.

== Connection ==

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_over_Ethernet PoE] (IEEE 802.3af) technology is used to provide power to the Elphel cameras, using the same cable as that used for network connection.

The Elphel camera has a standard RJ-45 Ethernet port, and can be connected to a local network. This port is also used to provide power to the camera. You can do it in two ways:

1. Use the external power supply with integral DC Injector

2. Use the PoE switch with integral DC Injector

=== External power supply ===

[[image:power_supply.png]]

The power supply has two built in RJ-45 jacks. J1 jack provides 48VDC and is used for connection to camera. You must use CAT5 "Crossover" cable for connection between J1 and the camera's RJ-45 jack.

J2 jack is used for connection to a hub/switch. You must use standard CAT5 cable for connection between J2 and the hub/switch RJ-45 jack.

=== PoE switch ===

[[image:poe_switch.jpg]]

PoE switches have special RJ-45 jacks which provide the 48VDC. You must use standard CAT5 cable for connection between the PoE switch special RJ-45 jacks and the camera's RJ-45 jack.

=== Necessary cables ===

[[image:cable.jpg]]

Two cable types are necessary for Elphel cameras - standard CAT5 cable and CAT5 "Crossover" cable if ''the camera is connected directly to the computer''. Crossover cable is the same as used to connect two computers together with a single cable. If the camera is connected to a switch/hub (directly to the powered switch or through additional ''midspan'' power supply) no crossover cable is needed, all cables are straight.

[[image:cable_jack.png]]

How to wire a "Crossover" Cable.

<table width="600" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" >
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">connector #1</div>
</td>
<td>
<div align="center">connector #2</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="135">
<p align="center">
1 WHT/ORG<br>
2 ORG/WHT<br>
3 WHT/GRN<br>
4 BLU/WHT<br>
5 WHT/BLU<br>
6 GRN/WHT<br>
7 WHT/BRN<br>
8 BRN/WHT</p>
</td>
<td height="135">
<p align="center">
1 WHT/GRN<br>
2 GRN/WHT<br>
3 WHT/ORG<br>
4 BLU/WHT<br>
5 WHT/BLU<br>
6 ORG/WHT<br>
7 BRN/WHT<br>
8 WHT/BRN</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

Color abbreviations:

WHT-WHITE

BRN-BROWN

ORG-ORANGE

GRN-GREEN

BLU-BLUE

The first color listed in the color pair is the dominant color of the wire. In other words, WHT/ORG is a white wire with orange stripes.

== Main Control Page ==

The Main Control Page uses javaScript to process user input (input fields and window of interest that can be selected by dragging a frame with the mouse), and combines all the camera acquisition parameters in a single GET request to a CGI program in the camera through the embedded web server (Boa). Currently the camera does not support simultaneous access as each request actually controls the camera operation mode (including sensor resolution and frame rate) and does not just connect to the camera output.

=== Page layout ===

On the top part of the page you should see a preview image. It is always 640x512, 800x600 or 512x386 pixels (1/2 or 1/4 of camera resolution depending on the sensor) and does not change with the selected decimation and window of interest (red rectangle over the image).

Below the preview image there are the camera controls:

=== General Controls ===

[[Image:Control panel 1.jpg]]

In the '''Window''' section there are 2 buttons at the bottom-right corner of window. You may specify window of interest (WOI) by dragging these buttons with the mouse. You may also change it numerically by entering data to '''W'''(idth), '''H'''(eight), '''L'''(eft) and '''T'''(op) input fields below. That numbers are rounded according to the selected sensor decimation and to use integer multiples of 16x16 pixels MCUs in JPEG compression. You may also change WOI by choosing one of the frequently used size from the list.

<table border=1><tr><td>

==== Autoexposure ====

[[Image:Autoexp_1.png]]
By default the autoexposure is enabled. There is the special multicolor button for autoexposures management. The button colors is:
[[Image:Aegreen.png]] - Autoexposure is enabled
[[Image:Aered.png]] - Autoexposure is disabled
[[Image:Aeblue.png]] - The autoexposure control window is opened

</td></tr></table>

In the '''Exposure''' field there is an input field to specify frame exposure time (in ms) - it is possible to specify fractions. You may change this parameter by dragging the slider with the mouse.

'''Saturation''' section allows adjusting contrast saturation.

'''Gamma''' field controls contrast by adjusting intensity conversion, gamma=1.0 corresponds to linear response (high contrast). Values less than 1 increase input dynamic range by expanding low intensity values (low contrast). You may change this parameter by dragging the slider with the mouse.

JPEG '''Quality''' sets standard JPEG compression quality. The higher the quality the bigger the resulting file. It does not change the camera frame rate.

'''White balance''' section is a drop-down menu containing four static parameters: '''Sunlight''', '''Cloudy''', '''Incandenscent''' and '''Fluorescent'''. You can choose one of these parameters to achieve the highest quality image depending on the lighting conditions.

In the '''Image size''' drop-down menu you may choose the static window size.

In the '''Resolution''' section there are radiobuttons to select sensor decimation (resolution). Selecting '''1''' uses all pixels in WOI, '''1/2''' - every other one (in both directions) - 1/4 total, '''1/4''' - 1 in 4 in each direction - 1/16 total and so on. Both WOI and decimation control the actual sensor operation that runs from the 20 MHz pixel clock, so the smaller the total number of pixels the higher the frame rate (it is actually slower as the sensor has some "margins" around the active area).

[[Image:Color.jpg]] In monochrome mode (when the '''Color''' radiobutton is not checked) "R" gain settings are used for all channels and color conversion is disabled.

Below are 3 buttons '''Preview''', '''Reset''' and '''Apply'''. '''Preview''' button refreshes the image in the top portion on a page (ignoring selected WOI and decimation), The '''Reset''' button returns to the initial adjustment parameters. The '''Apply''' button is used to accept the new changes.

Also there are two links after '''Photo''': '''New''' contains a link to a camera CGI program that has all the acquisition parameters attached. You may just click it to open the image in a new window or right-click it and select "Save link target as..." (or equivalent) to save the image on your computer. The second link '''Last''' points to the last image already in the camera memory; you may use it to save the previously aquired image to your hard drive.

[[Image:Help.png]] button opens this help page.

[[Image:Info.png]] button opens the information window where there is a list of the acquisition parameters used during the last image/clip acquisition.

=== Video Controls ===

'''Video Controls''' in this section allow users to record a video clip in the camera memory and send it over the LAN/Internet as a Quicktime video file. All settings for the image size, resolution, compression quality, analog gains and exposure are the same as for still images described above, and that link adds extra parameters - '''Frame Rate''' and '''Time Scale'''. The first sets the desired frame rate (leave blank or set to 0 for the maximal rate), the second field sets how much the playback time is longer than the acquisition one. I.e. setting of "10" makes the clip play 10 times slower that it was shot.

Total size of the clip (6-7MB) is determined by a camera internal buffer used for compressed image storage and the total number of frames as the frame headers are attached during the clip output and are not stored in the buffer. There are 2 ways to shoot a clip (usual duration 3-5 sec, depending on compression quality). First is to press '''Start stream''' button, wait for the event to occur and then press '''Acquire'''. In this mode after '''Start stream''' the camera continuously writes to the buffer, overwriting footage when all the available space is used. Pressing the '''Stop stream''' button ends data saving and so the buffer contains the last data recorded. Another way is to press '''Acquire''' before the event. In that mode the clip recording starts after the trigger and stops when the whole buffer is full.

There are additional controls to preview a videoclip from the camera memory. Frame number 1 is the first one, 2 - second, etc. Frame number 0 is the last one in the clip, -1 - previous before last, etc. Any image acquisition (including '''Preview''') erases the stored clip and makes it one frame long.

Clicking on the '''Video Clip''' link opens the clip in the Apple QuickTime ™ (or compatible) player plugin (if installed) - you may also use this link to save the clip as a file on your computer.

=== Advanced Panel ===

[[Image:Control panel 2.jpg]]

'''Advanced Panel''' tab opens additional adjustment parameters for the image. In this section you may specify more exact adjustments of color levels of the image.

'''Gains''' section controls the sensor analog gain settings. '''R''', '''G''' and '''B''' input fields control color component gains. Using high gain settings increases sensor noise but is required to view fast events with 1ms exposure time with the lighting used in the current setup.

'''R-Y''' specifies color saturation for red color component.

'''B-Y''' specifies color saturation for blue color component.

'''B''' specifies color saturation for blue color component.

'''W''' specifies level saturation for white color component.

The '''Flip-X''' button allows turning the image horizontally.

The '''Flip-Y''' button allows turning the image vertically.

''NOTE: Some parameters (e.g. window size) cannot be changed without stopping the acquisition/compression.''

== Technical Information for the Elphel-333 ==

=== Default Setup ===

The default IP address of the camera is '''192.168.0.9''' netmask '''255.255.255.0'''

You should be able to ping the camera from another machine on the same subnet.

By default, the following TCP ports are open:

21/ftp

23/telnet

80/http

=== Logging in ===

You can log in to the camera via telnet on TCP port 23

User: '''root'''

Password: '''pass'''

=== Serial port ===

The serial port settings (additional board 308 needed)

Speed: 19200 8N1

RTS/CTS: None

XON/XOFF : None

=== Changing IP address of the camera ===

The camera network settings can be changed by going to:

<code>http://<camera_ip>/axis.html</code>

from an attached computer.

=== Multicast routing in Linux ===

In order to use the multicast streaming from the cameras, you need to add the following route rule to an attached PC:
route add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 <interface>

where <interface> is the interface connected to the camera (e.g. eth0).

The knoppix live CD/DVD does this for you automatically.

----
''Free Software and Open Hardware. Elphel, Inc., 2005''