JP4
Contents
JP4 format
So we have added a special JP4 mode that bypasses the Demosaic in the FPGA and provides an image with pixels in each 16x16 macroblock that are rearranged to separate Bayer colors in individual 8x8 blocks, then encoded as monochrome. Demosaic will be applied during post-processing on the host PC. This section describe different algorithms and implementations used to provide this functionality.
Main goals:
- compression speed improvement - possibility to obtain more high quality image (near to RAW) - drasticaly lowering data size
Image decoding
JP4 format can be easy manipulated by MATLAB
1. Read image
I=imread('hdr02.jp4'); %read JP4 file like JPEG
,or online grab image from http like this:
I=imread('http://community.elphel.com/pictures/jp4.jpg');
,or cam:
I=imread('http://cam_ip/bimg'); %get online buffered image from cam
I=I(:,:,1); %strip color data2. Remove block grouping
II=deblock16x16(I); %deblock image
%file deblock16x16.m
function y=deblock16x16(I)
y0=uint8(zeros(size(I)));
for x=1:16:size(I,1)
for y=1:16:size(I,2)
blk16=I(x:x+15,y:y+15);
for dx=0:7
for dy=0:7
y0(x+2*dx ,y+2*dy) = blk16(dx+1,dy+1);
y0(x+2*dx+1,y+2*dy) = blk16(dx+9,dy+1);
y0(x+2*dx ,y+2*dy+1) = blk16(dx+1,dy+9);
y0(x+2*dx+1,y+2*dy+1) = blk16(dx+9,dy+9);
end
end
end
end
y=y0;
2. Demosaic image (Decode from Bayer CFA (Color Filter Array) encoded image)
J=demosaic(II,'gbrg');
3. Show image
imshow(J);
Stream decoding
JP4 stream can be decoded by mplayer. Use [this patch] for glue libdc1394 and MPlayer-1.0rc2 video filter frontend. Or download win32 binaries from sourceforge.
usage example: mplayer.exe test.avi -vf demosaic=deblock=1:method=7:pattern=3 -vo gl mencoder example: mencoder.exe test.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -o output.avi -vf demosaic=deblock=1:method=1,scale
Debayer (Demosaic) algorithm variants provided by libdc1394: - Nearest Neighbor : OpenCV library - Bilinear : OpenCV library - HQLinear : High-Quality Linear Interpolation For Demosaicing Of Bayer-Patterned Color Images, by Henrique S. Malvar, Li-wei He, and Ross Cutler, in Proceedings of the ICASSP'04 Conference. - Edge Sense II : Laroche, Claude A. "Apparatus and method for adaptively interpolating a full color image utilizing chrominance gradients" U.S. Patent 5,373,322. Based on the code found on the website http://www-ise.stanford.edu/~tingchen/ Converted to C and adapted to all four elementary patterns. - Downsample : "Known to the Ancients" - Simple : Implemented from the information found in the manual of Allied Vision Technologies (AVT) cameras. - VNG : Variable Number of Gradients, a method described in http://www-ise.stanford.edu/~tingchen/algodep/vargra.html Sources import from DCRAW by Frederic Devernay. DCRAW is a RAW converter program by Dave Coffin. URL: http://www.cybercom.net/~dcoffin/dcraw/ - AHD : Adaptive Homogeneity-Directed Demosaicing Algorithm, by K. Hirakawa and T.W. Parks, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 14, Nr. 3, March 2005, pp. 360 - 369.
Pattern codes: pattern=0..3 -> [RGGB, BGGR, GBRG, GRBG]
JP4 HDR
Bayer pattern look like this
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The remark: all kinds of bayer patterns can be received from initial RGGB by flipping on X and/or Y.
Some sensors have possibility to set independed scale to G1 and G2. Considering that the accessible optics does not give the full permission of a sensor resolution, it can be used for increase in a dynamic range of a image sensor.
Avisynth plugin
Avisynth plugin also available
AVS script example:
LoadCPlugin("jp4.dll")
DirectShowSource("test.avi")
JP4("AHD","RGGB")
Demosaic links
http://sourceforge.net/projects/elynx/ http://libdc1394.git.sourceforge.net/git/gitweb.cgi?p=libdc1394;a=blob;f=libdc1394/dc1394/bayer.c;hb=HEAD http://graphics.cs.williams.edu/papers/BayerJGT09/
